Palm Oil And Palm Kernel Oil Extraction in Nigeria
Nigeria is a country where palm is one of the most widely planted oil crops. In 1960s, the output of palm oil in Nigeria ranked the world's leading. At present, domestic demand has increased dramatically, but Nigeria has evolved into a net importer of palm oil. Nigeria's palm oil industry has been stagnant for almost four years from 2011 to 2015, producing 970,000 tons, accounting for only 3% of the world's total, while Malaysia and Indonesia account for 85% of the world's total. At present, the supply and demand gap of palm oil in Nepal is 700,000 tons, mainly for food consumption; other industrial areas such as food industry have not yet been developed. And the domestic market demand is expected to grow further. As predicted by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), global palm oil demand will double by 2020 and triple by 2050.
The plantation of oil palm tree has great economic benefit: the yields of palm fruit are higher than all other oil-seed crops, with oil yields of 80,000 tons per hectare in Malaysia and Indonesia and only 50,000 tons in Nigeria. The yield of palm oil is low; the processing technology remains basic level. So as the mother country of palm production, Nigeria has further expanded space for all links of palm supply and marketing. Driven by both domestic and foreign demand, it is expected that the output of various investment projects in Nigeria will start in the early stage, and palm oil production is expected to break through the four-year zero growth.
According to the National Palm Oil Association, the supply and demand gap of palm oil in Nigeria is about 700,000 tons, but according to the National Palm Oil Association, the annual output of palm oil is 1 million tons, the consumption demand is 2.7 million tons, and the supply and demand gap is actually as high as 1.7 million tons.
Nigeria is one of the world's top three palm oil producers, but the current supply and demand gap is as high as 1.7 million tons due to the sharp increase in the cost of foreign exchange purchases in the manufacturing sector. So if there are enterprises invest in Nigerian palm oil processing, relying on advanced manufacturing technology, will create considerable profit margins.
Complete palm oil and palm kernel oil extraction process in Nigeria
Palm fruit bunch reception—sterilization— palm fruit stripping—mashing—palm oil pressing— fiber separation— kernel shell separation— oil clarification—crude palm oil
Palm kernel— Crushing—flaking—steam cooking— palm kernel oil pressing — oil filtration palm— crude palm kernel oil
1. Palm Fruit Reception: weigh in the palm fruits after entering the factory area. Then palm fruit is stored in the slope.
2. Sterilization: fresh palm fruit bunches enter the sterilization pot. By reducing the activity of fatty acid enzymes, this process can prevent the increase of fatty acids in fruit. After sterilization, palm fruit stripping is much easier and reduces the breakage rate of palm kernel.
3. Palm Fruit Stripping: Palm fruit stripping section mainly separates palm fruit from fruit bunches, and the common equipment for fruit removal is palm fruit thresher machine. The palm fruit after separation will be transported to the mashing (crushing) section. Empty fruit bunches (EFB) will be sent to palmery or farmlands for fertilizer and fuel (to make EFB fuel pellets).
4. Palm Fruit Mashing: the fruit is stirred and extruded in the mash tank after being stripped.
5. Palm Fruit Oil Pressing: palm fruit is transported to the palm oil press for pressing. After squeezing and pressing, oil and water mixture and oil cake are obtained. A mixture of oil and water will enter the oil clarification section. The cake is broken through the screw conveyor and recycled.
6. Separation of Fibers: The crushed cake-like fibers enter the air separation system to separate the fibers from the palm kernel. The main equipment for fiber separation is fiber separation wind net and fiber polishing roller.
7. Separation of Kernel and Shell: after separating the kernel from the fiber, the kernel is divided into kernel and shell by the palm fiber crusher; then with the use of air separation and water washing system, kernel and shell are separated. The shell is stored as fuel and enters the boiler fuel system. The kernel is stored after drying.
8. Crude Palm Oil Clarification: the crude palm oil contains a certain amount of moisture and impurities after being pressed, which needs to be clarified with oil filter for the corresponding treatment.
9. Palm kernel Oil Pressing: palm kernel oil extraction technology includes crushing, flaking, steam cooking, and pressing. Its production process and equipment are similar to conventional edible oils, and many devices can be used. Main equipment is palm kernel oil press machine.